太湖蓝藻水华遥感动态监测预警模型的建立   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

魏清宇  江南  吕恒  王甡 《地球信息科学学报》2008,10(2):156-160

湖泊富营养化和蓝藻水华暴发是当前我国湖泊面临的最重要的环境问题之一。本文分析了内陆湖泊太湖蓝藻监测的主要问题。并详细阐述了蓝藻水华遥感动态监测预警模型的建立,即,采用生物光学模型与气象环境预警模型相结合的方式,辅以图形图像学的模块匹配验证,对蓝藻水华暴发前进行临界状态的灾害等级警示,理论上较单纯监测微囊藻叶绿素a浓度值来实现水华暴发预警更为准确。这样,提前采取相应的技术措施,减少蓝藻水华暴发带来的影响和损失。  相似文献   

Role of cyanobacteria in C_org-rich deposits: an example from the Indidura Formation (Cenomanian-Turonian), northeastern Mexico     

Fabian Duque-Botero  Florentin J.-M.R. Maurrasse 《Cretaceous Research》2008,29(5-6):957

We present evidence of accumulation of calcareous cyanobacterial “microspheroids” as predominant components of the Cenomanian-Turonian Indidura Formation of northeastern Mexico. The unit at Parras de la Fuente includes a sequence of limestones and marls with well-defined light-dark rhythms at the decimetric to millimetric scale, in which CaCO₃ and total organic carbon vary between 43–78% and 0.3–3.6%, respectively.A distinctive feature of the section is the presence of abundant millimeter-scale microlaminae arranged in nearly even-parallel white and dark gray “varve like” dual lamination less than 3 mm thick, in which the darker units contain scattered planktonic foraminifera and radiolaria, whereas the lighter microlaminae are dominated by calcitic microspheroids (20–40 μm). The white laminae are evidently the result of recurring cycles of calcareous cyanobacterial blooms, possibly associated with fluvial dilution of surface waters.The organic carbon-rich laminated marlstones and laminated biocalcilutites of the Indidura Formation document paleoceanographic conditions favorable to unusual cyanobacterial productivity cycles that were also characterized by strong dysoxic/anoxic bottom conditions.  相似文献   

Short-term Effects of Intertidal Macroalgal Blooms on the Macrohabitat Selection and Feeding Behaviour of Wading Birds in the Mondego Estuary (West Portugal)     

T. Múrias  J. A. Cabral  J. C. Marques  J. D. Goss-Custard 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1996,43(6):677-688

The possible effects of intertidal macroalgal blooms on the feeding distribution and behaviour of the waders in the Mondego Estuary (West Portugal) are discussed in the present paper. The presence of algae over the sediments did not deter the waders absolutely from feeding in a place, but most species did show some tendency to avoid highly eutrophic areas. However, there were no clear signs that the species redistributed themselves within the Estuary as the amount of algae changed, nor did the alternative feeding habitats (the salt pans) seem to be used more when algae were particularly abundant on the mud flats. In one species, bird numbers, rather than the amount of algae present, explained the numbers of birds using the salt pans when the two factors were considered together in a multiple regression analysis. There were no striking differences between algae-free and algae-weeded areas in some aspects of the foraging of two representative species, the scolopacid DunlinCalidris alpinaand the charadriid Grey PloverPluvialis squatarola. The results suggest either: (1) that the presence of algae did not strongly influence the distribution of the feeding waders, at least in the conditions prevailing during the study; or (2) that most waders were able to adapt to feeding on weeded areas; perhaps through subtle and undetected alterations in their feeding behaviour.  相似文献   

The development of a bloom of the dinoflagellate [Gyrodinium aureolum (Hulbert)] on the south-west Irish coast     

Raine  R.; Joyce  B.; Richard  J.; Pazos  Y.; Moloney  M.; Jones  K. J.; Patching  J. W. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1993,50(4):461-469

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The effect of the causative algae of large-scale HAB in the East China Sea on egg hatching of Argopecten irradians, and population growth of Brachionus plicatilis and Moina mongolica     

CHEN Taoying  YAN Tian  WANG Liping  ZHANG Bin  ZHOU Mingjiang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2007,26(4):112-122

The impacts of Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu and Alexandrium catenella Balech, causative species of the large-scale HAB in the East China Sea, were studied under laboratory conditions. According to bloom densities, the effects of monoculture and mixture of the two species were examined on the egg-hatching success of Argopecten irradians Lamarck, and the population growth of Brachionus plicatilis Müller and Moina mongolica Daday. The results showed that monoculture of A. catenella had a significant inhibition on the egg hatching success of A. irradians, and the population growth of B. plicatilis and M. mongolica. The median effective densities (ED_50) inhibiting the egg hatching success of A. irradians for 24 h and the population growth of B. plicatilis and M. mongolica for 96 h were 800, 630, and 2 400 cells/cm3, respectively. Monoculture of P. donghaiense has no such inhibitory effect on the egg hatching success of A. irradians; P. donghaiense at lower suitable densities could sustain the population growth of B. plicatilis (1×104~3×104cells/cm3) and M. mongolica (2×104~5×104cells/cm3); P. donghaiense at higher densities had significantly adverse effect on the population growth of B. plicatilis (4×104~10×104cells/cm3) and M. mongolica (10×104cells/cm3). When the two algae were mixed according to bloom densities, P. donghaiense at suitable densities to some extent could decrease the toxicity of A. catenella to B. plicatilis and M. mongolica. The results indicated that the large-scale HAB in the East China Sea could have adverse effect on zooplankton, and might further influence the marine ecosystem, especially when there was also Alexandrium bloom.  相似文献   

Physical Hydrography and Algal Bloom Transport in Hong Kong Waters   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

匡翠萍  李行伟 《中国海洋工程》2005,19(4):539-556

In sub-tropical coastal waters around Hong Kong, algal blooms and red tides are usually first sighted in the Mirs Bay, in the eastern waters of Hong Kong. A calibrated three-dimensional hydrodynamic model for the Pearl River Estuary （Delft3D） has been applied to the study of the physical hydrography of Hong Kong waters and its relationship with algal bloom transport patterns in the dry and wet seasons. The general 3D hydrodynamic circulation and salinity structure in the partially-mixed estuary are presented. Extensive numerical surface drogue tracking experiments are performed for algal blooms that are initiated in the Mirs Bay under different seasonal, wind and tidal conditions. The probability of bloom impact on the Victoria Harbour and nearby urban coastal waters is estimated. The computations show that： i） In the wet season （May - August）, algal blooms initiated in the Mirs Bay will move in a clockwise direction out of the bay, and be transported away from Hong Kong due to SW monsoon winds which drive the SW to NE coastal current; ii） In the dry season （November- April）, algal blooms initiated in the northeast Mirs Bay will move in an anti-clockwise direction and be carried away into southern waters due to the NE to SW coastal current driven by the NE monsoon winds; the bloom typically flows past the east edge of the Victoria Harbeur and nearby waters. Finally, the role of hydrodynamic transport in an important episodic event -- the spring 1998 massive red tide -- is quantitatively examined. It is shown that the strong NE to E wind during late March to early April, coupled with the diurnal tide at the beginning of April, significantly increased the probability of bloom transport into the Port Shelter and East Lamma Channel, resulting in the massive fish kill. The results provide a basis for risk assessment of harmful algal bloom （HAB） impact on urban coastal waters around the Victoria Habour.  相似文献   

生活史(休眠孢囊)作为甲藻有害藻华年际频发和地理扩散的一种关键机制的研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

唐赢中  胡章喜  邓蕴彦 《海洋科学集刊》2016,51(51):132-154

过去几十年,中国近海有害藻华的发生频率、规模和面积不断增大, 对我国水产养殖业、渔业和近岸生态系统造成了重大损失和威胁。 在引起有害藻华的众多原因中,藻华甲藻的特殊生活史策略,尤其是形成休眠孢囊,提供了一种关键的机理,因为孢囊的形成过程常伴随着基因重组从而增加了藻华藻的生态适应性;孢囊厚的囊壁增加了其对不利环境条件的耐受性;厚的囊壁使其免于病原体感染和捕食攻击;孢囊的适时萌发为藻华提供了“种源”;孢囊可通过自然或人为原因如船舶压舱水传播从而扩大了其地理分布。我们综述并讨论了甲藻生活史和孢囊研究的如下几个重要方面：１）甲藻生活史的复杂性和有关甲藻孢囊概念及归类的争议;２）沉积物中孢囊“作图（cyst mapping）”在藻华模型和预测（报）中的重要性以及孢囊分布/丰度与藻华规模耦合关系的复杂性和条件依赖性;３）孢囊形成和萌发的若干影响因子及其复杂性和可变性;和４）最近些年来分子生物学技术和各种组学手段在甲藻生活史和孢囊研究中的部分应用,特别是植物激素在孢囊形成、萌发过程中的可能作用。在简要评述了国际、国内有关研究历史中的路标性成果后,最后强调了四个值得重视的研究方向。  相似文献   

宁波沿海陆源排污口蓝藻(Cyanobacteria)和裸藻纲(Euglenoidea)生物的分布特点   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

谢利  王朝阳  张迪骏  周君  司开学  张红燕  韩姣姣  崔晨茜  董丽莎  苏秀榕 《海洋与湖沼》2016,47(1):188-194

采用高通量454焦磷酸测序方法对宁波沿海2个重点排污口、8个一般排污口的20个站位水样进行分析,得到2011年的3月、5月、8月和10月份各排污口蓝藻和含叶绿体单细胞生物的分布情况。研究结果表明:宁波沿海陆源排污口中含叶绿体单细胞生物数量最多,占91.857%,包括眼虫门(Euglenozoa)、绿藻门(Chlorophyta)、隐藻门(Cryptophyta)生物。其中主要为眼虫门的裸藻纲(Euglenoidea)生物占90.08%。蓝藻门的集球藻目(Synechococcophycideae)和颤藻亚目(Oscillatoriophycideae)含量相对较多,分别占5.70%和1.79%;排污口中裸藻纲生物数量季节性差异比较大,3月份、8月份数量相对较多,5月份和10月份较少,推测这类生物的数量与季节性温度变化有关;各排污口污染物、这两类生物检出量和种类有一定差异,在氮磷含量高的排污口(如S9号)其检出量并不高,推测检出量与排污口的主要污染物中氨氮含量没有直接关系,可能受氮磷比的影响。  相似文献   

长江口邻近海域春季藻华与水体层化的关系     

周正熙  于仁成  吕颂辉  管卫兵  周名江 《海洋与湖沼》2016,47(6):1166-1175

长江口邻近海域是我国近海有害藻华高发区之一。受长江冲淡水和台湾暖流影响,海域环境条件复杂,有可能影响到藻华的分布状况、动态过程和危害效应。本文利用"藻华973项目"2011年的现场实测数据,从水体层化状况与藻华的关系入手,绘制出各要素的平面及剖面分布图,对比分析了春季硅藻藻华和甲藻藻华期间的温、盐跃层及其变化情况,探讨了硅、甲藻藻华的分布状况及其与温、盐跃层之间的关系。研究发现,2011年春季藻华期间该海域存在明显的温跃层和盐跃层。硅藻藻华期的温、盐跃层主要受到长江冲淡水影响;而在甲藻藻华期,受外海水入侵影响导致的温、盐跃层现象更加显著。藻华期间,浮游植物生物量高值区均出现在跃层上方的长江冲淡水影响区,其中硅藻藻华分布区与高强度跃层区基本一致,而甲藻藻华则主要分布在层化强度相对较弱的近岸海区,其分布可能受到上升流的影响。综合上述分析结果可以看出,长江口邻近海域春季的硅藻藻华主要受到长江冲淡水影响,而甲藻藻华的分布则在一定程度上受到外海水入侵及上升流影响。这一认识为进一步分析该海域春季硅、甲藻藻华演替过程及藻华优势种的长期演变趋势提供了新的思路和依据。  相似文献   

环境因子对海蜇生长发育影响的研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王国善  于志刚  米铁柱  姚庆祯  甄毓  陈四清  王建艳 《海洋科学》2014,38(1):85-90

<正>海蜇(Rhopilema esculenta Kishinouye)隶属于刺胞动物门(Cnidaria),钵水母纲(Scyphozoa),根口水母目(Rhizostomeae),根口水母科(Hizostomadae),海蜇属(Rhopilema)[1]。海蜇为进化比较保守的两胚层动物[2]。丁耕芜等[3]首次报告了海蜇的整个生活史。海蜇生活史具有刺胞动物门典型的世代交替特征,分为两个世代:水螅体世代和水母体世代。在水螅体世代整个过程中,海蜇螅状体于海底基质上营固着生活,以无性生殖  相似文献